fig1

Figure 1. The mechanism of the main and most studied pathway of mitophagy activation, PINK1-Parkin. The drop in membrane potential leads to the accumulation of PINK1 on the outer mitochondrial membrane, whereas PINK1 is normally transported to the inner, where it degrades under the action of proteinases. The presence of PINK1 on the outer membrane indicates decreased membrane potential and damage to the mitochondria, and it attracts Parkin, which adds ubiquitin chains to surface mitochondrial proteins, serving as a signal to absorb mitochondria^[22,66-71].